electrophoresis

electrophoresis
electrophoresis electrophoresis n. 1. (Chem.) the motion of charged molecules or particles in a liquid medium under the influence of an electric field; particles with a positive charge move toward the cathode and negative to the anode. [WordNet sense 1]

Syn: cataphoresis. [WordNet 1.5]

2. (Chem., Biochem.) the application of the principle of electrophoresis to separate molecules, used as an analytical or preparative technique; as, separation by electrophoresis; gel electrophoresis. [PJC]

Note:

{Gel electrophoresis} is a technique in which the molecules to be separated are moved through a gelatinous medium under the influence of an electric field. At the completion of a period of electrophoresis, the gel, unlike a liquid solution, may be manipulated as a single object, permitting the substances contained within to be detected or visualized by a variety of methods, and their relative mobilities determined. It is therefore a popular analytic tool in biochemistry, and has many variants. Popular substances used to create the gel are starch, polyacrylamide, and agarose. Since a polyacrylamide gel can be created with different concentrations and different degrees of cross-linking, the pore size of the gel can be controlled to provide special properties appropriate to separation of specific molecules, as for example optimizaion for separation within a particular molecular weight range. in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS ({sodium dodecyl sulfate}, a detergent) is included; it binds to and denatures protein molecules, allowing them to be separated on the basis of their molecular weight alone. It is thus used as one method of determining the molecular weights of isolated protein chains. [PJC]


The Collaborative International Dictionary of English. 2000.

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  • Electrophoresis — is the most well known electrokinetic phenomenon. It was discovered by Reuss in 1809. [Reuss, F.F. Mem.Soc.Imperiale Naturalistes de Moscow , 2, 327 1809] He observed that clay particles dispersed in water migrate under influence of an applied… …   Wikipedia

  • Electrophoresis —   Couverture actuelle Titre abrégé Electrophoresis …   Wikipédia en Français

  • electrophoresis — electrophoresis. См. электрофорез. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Electrophoresis — Electrophoresis. См. Электрофорез. (Источник: «Металлы и сплавы. Справочник.» Под редакцией Ю.П. Солнцева; НПО Профессионал , НПО Мир и семья ; Санкт Петербург, 2003 г.) …   Словарь металлургических терминов

  • electrophoresis — [ē lek΄trōfə rē′sis, i lek΄trōfə rē′sis] n. [ModL < ELECTRO + (CATA)PHORESIS] the migration of charged colloidal particles or of molecules through a fluid or gel subjected to an electric field electrophoretic [ē lek΄trōfə ret′ik, i lek΄trōfə… …   English World dictionary

  • electrophoresis — A ubiquitous molecular biology technique, with many variants, used to resolve complex mixtures of macromolecules into their components. Its principle is to subject samples to an electric field applied across a porous matrix. Molecules will… …   Glossary of Biotechnology

  • electrophoresis — electrophoretic /i lek troh feuh ret ik/, adj. /i lek troh feuh ree sis/, n. 1. Also called cataphoresis. Physical Chem. the motion of colloidal particles suspended in a fluid medium, due to the influence of an electric field on the medium. 2.… …   Universalium

  • electrophoresis — Separation of molecules based on their mobility in an electric field. High resolution techniques normally use a gel support for the fluid phase. Examples of gels used are starch, acrylamide, agarose or mixtures of acrylamide and agarose.… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • Electrophoresis — Method used in clinical and research laboratories for separating molecules according their size and electrical charge. Electrophoresis is used to separate large molecules (such as DNA fragments or proteins) from a mixture of molecules. An… …   Medical dictionary

  • electrophoresis — noun a) the migration of electrically charged molecules through a medium under the influence of an electric field b) a method for the separation and analysis of large molecules ( …   Wiktionary

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