Generality
111Vaisheshika — Vaisheshika, or IAST|Vaiśeṣika, (Sanskrit:वैशॆषिक) is one of the six Hindu schools of philosophy (orthodox Vedic systems) of India. Historically, it has been closely associated with the Hindu school of logic, Nyaya. Vaisesika espouses a form of… …
112Isoperimetric inequality — The isoperimetric inequality is a geometric inequality involving the square of the circumference of a closed curve in the plane and the area of a plane region it encloses, as well as its various generalizations. Isoperimetric literally means… …
113Economic freedom — is freedom to produce, trade and consume any goods and services acquired without the use of force, fraud or theft. Economic freedom is embodied in the rule of law, property rights and freedom of contract, and characterized by external and… …
114Scheme (mathematics) — In mathematics, a scheme is an important concept connecting the fields of algebraic geometry, commutative algebra and number theory. Schemes were introduced by Alexander Grothendieck so as to broaden the notion of algebraic variety; some consider …
115Set-theoretic definition of natural numbers — Several ways have been proposed to define the natural numbers using set theory.The contemporary standardIn standard (ZF) set theory the natural numbersare defined recursively by 0 = {} (the empty set) and n +1 = n ∪ { n }. Then n = {0,1,..., n… …
116Experimental economics — is a the application of experimental methods to study economic questions. Experiments are used to test the validity of economic theories and test bed new market mechanisms. Using cash motivated subjects, economic experiments create real world… …
117Formal semantics — See also Formal semantics of programming languages. Formal semantics is the study of the semantics, or interpretations, of formal languages. A formal language can be defined apart from any interpretation of it. This is done by designating a set… …
118Synapomorphy — In evolutionary biology, a synapomorphy is a derived character state shared by two or more terminal groups (taxa included in a cladistic analysis as further indivisible units) and inherited from their most recent common ancestor. Derived in this… …
119LTI system theory — or linear time invariant system theory is a theory in the field of electrical engineering, specifically in circuits, signal processing, and control theory, that investigates the response of a linear, time invariant system to an arbitrary input… …
120Novum Organum — The title page illustration of Instauratio magna The Novum Organum, full original title Novum Organum Scientiarum, is a philosophical work by Francis Bacon, written in Latin and published in 1620. The title translates as new instrument, i.e. new… …
