cooling+medicine
91Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
92Cryonics — For the study of the production of very low temperatures, see Cryogenics. Technicians prepare a patient for cryopreservation. Cryonics (from Greek kryos meaning icy cold) is the low temperature preservation of humans and animals who can no longer …
93Life extension — refers to an increase in maximum or average lifespan, especially in humans, by slowing down or reversing the processes of aging. Average lifespan is determined by vulnerability to accidents and age related afflictions such as cancer or… …
94Heat illness — Calenture redirects here. For the album by The Triffids, see Calenture (album). Heatstroke and Heatstrokes redirect here. For the film, see Heatstroke (film). For the song by Krokus, see Metal Rendez vous. Sunstroke redirects here. For other uses …
95Liquid breathing — Intervention MeSH D021061 Liquid breathing is a form of respiration in which a normally air breathing organism breathes an oxygen rich liquid (such as a perfluorocarb …
96Nobel Prize winners by name — ▪ Table Nobel Prize winners by name A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z A name year category country* achievement literary area Abrikosov, Alexey A. 2003 physics U.S. discoveries… …
97Nobel Prize winners by year — ▪ Table Nobel Prize winners by year 1901–10 1941–50 1981–90 1911–20 1951–60 1991–2000 1921–30 1961–70 2001–08 1931–40 1971–80 1901–10 year category name country* achievement literary area 1901 chemistry Henricus van t (Hoff, Jacobus Henricus van… …
98Magnetic refrigeration — Gadolinium alloy heats up inside the magnetic field and loses thermal energy to the environment, so it exits the field cooler than when it entered. Magnetic refrigeration is a cooling technology based on the magnetocaloric effect. This technique… …
99Shape memory alloy — A shape memory alloy (SMA, also known as a smart alloy, memory metal, or muscle wire) is an alloy that remembers its shape, and can be returned to that shape after being deformed, by applying heat to the alloy. When the shape memory effect is… …
100Life Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Zoology In 2008 several zoological studies provided new insights into how species life history traits (such as the timing of reproduction or the length of life of adult individuals) are derived in part as responses to… …
