higher+calculus
51First-order logic — is a formal logical system used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It goes by many names, including: first order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic (a less… …
52Integral — This article is about the concept of integrals in calculus. For the set of numbers, see integer. For other uses, see Integral (disambiguation). A definite integral of a function can be represented as the signed area of the region bounded by its… …
53Generalizations of the derivative — The derivative is a fundamental construction of differential calculus and admits many possible generalizations within the fields of mathematical analysis, combinatorics, algebra, and geometry. Contents 1 Derivatives in analysis 1.1 Multivariable… …
54Differential of a function — For other uses of differential in mathematics, see differential (mathematics). In calculus, the differential represents the principal part of the change in a function y = ƒ(x) with respect to changes in the independent variable. The… …
55Chain rule — For other uses, see Chain rule (disambiguation). Topics in Calculus Fundamental theorem Limits of functions Continuity Mean value theorem Differential calculus  Derivative Change of variables Implicit differentiation …
56Curry–Howard correspondence — A proof written as a functional program: the proof of commutativity of addition on natural numbers in the proof assistant Coq. nat ind stands for mathematical induction, eq ind for substitution of equals and f equal for taking the same function… …
57Functional programming — In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids state and mutable data. It emphasizes the application of functions, in contrast with the… …
58Indian mathematics — mdash;which here is the mathematics that emerged in South Asia from ancient times until the end of the 18th century mdash;had its beginnings in the Bronze Age Indus Valley civilization (2600 1900 BCE) and the Iron Age Vedic culture (1500 500 BCE) …
59Finite difference — A finite difference is a mathematical expression of the form f(x + b) − f(x + a). If a finite difference is divided by b − a, one gets a difference quotient. The approximation of derivatives by finite differences… …
60Differentiable manifold — A nondifferentiable atlas of charts for the globe. The results of calculus may not be compatible between charts if the atlas is not differentiable. In the middle chart the Tropic of Cancer is a smooth curve, whereas in the first it has a sharp… …
