Phaenogamia

Spermatophyta Sper`ma*toph"y*ta, n. pl. [NL.; spermato- + Gr. ? plant.] (Bot.) A phylum embracing the highest plants, or those that produce seeds; the seed plants, or flowering plants. They form the most numerous group, including over 120,000 species. In general, the group is characterized by the marked development of the sporophyte, with great differentiation of its parts (root, stem, leaves, flowers, etc.); by the extreme reduction of the gametophyte; and by the development of seeds. All the Spermatophyta are heterosporous; fertilization of the egg cell is either through a

{pollen tube} emitted by the microspore or (in a few gymnosperms) by spermatozoids.

Note: The phrase ``flowering plants'' is less distinctive than ``seed plants,'' since the conifers, grasses, sedges, oaks, etc., do not produce flowers in the popular sense. For this reason the terms {Anthrophyta}, {Ph[ae]nogamia}, and {Panerogamia} have been superseded as names of the phylum by Spermatophyta. [Webster 1913 Suppl.]