Sodium

Sodium
Sodium So"di*um, n. [NL., fr.E. soda.] (Chem.) A common metallic element of the alkali group, in nature always occuring combined, as in common salt, in albite, etc. It is isolated as a soft, waxy, white, unstable metal, so highly reactive that it combines violently with water, and to be preserved must be kept under petroleum or some similar liquid. Sodium is used combined in many salts, in the free state as a reducer, and as a means of obtaining other metals (as magnesium and aluminium) is an important commercial product. Symbol Na ({Natrium}). Atomic weight 22.990. Specific gravity 0.97. [1913 Webster]

{Sodium amalgam}, an alloy of sodium and mercury, usually produced as a gray metallic crystalline substance, which is used as a reducing agent, and otherwise.

{Sodium carbonate}, a white crystalline substance, {Na2CO3.10H2O}, having a cooling alkaline taste, found in the ashes of many plants, and produced artifically in large quantities from common salt. It is used in making soap, glass, paper, etc., and as alkaline agent in many chemical industries. Called also {sal soda}, {washing soda}, or {soda}. Cf. {Sodium bicarbonate}, and {Trona}.

{Sodium chloride}, common, or table, salt, {NaCl}.

{Sodium hydroxide}, a white opaque brittle solid, {NaOH}, having a fibrous structure, produced by the action of quicklime, or of calcium hydrate (milk of lime), on sodium carbonate. It is a strong alkali, and is used in the manufacture of soap, in making wood pulp for paper, etc. Called also {sodium hydrate}, and {caustic soda}. By extension, a solution of sodium hydroxide. [1913 Webster]


The Collaborative International Dictionary of English. 2000.

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  • SODIUM — Le sodium est le plus courant des éléments alcalins. Son nom dérive de l’arabe soda , qui désignait le mélange de carbonates alcalins extrait des cendres de végétaux. Le symbole Na vient de son appellation allemande Natrium , qui dérive de… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Sodium — Néon ← Sodium → Magnésium Li …   Wikipédia en Français

  • sodium — metallic alkaline element, 1807, coined by English chemist Humphry Davy from SODA (Cf. soda); so called because the element was isolated from caustic soda (sodium hydroxide). The chemical symbol Na is from natrium, alternative name for the… …   Etymology dictionary

  • sodium — [sō′dē əm] n. [ModL: so named (1807) by DAVY Sir Humphry < SODA (because isolated from caustic soda) + IUM] 1. a soft, silver white, metallic chemical element, one of the alkali metals, having a waxlike consistency: it is found in nature only… …   English World dictionary

  • Sodium — Sodium, so v.w. Natrium …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Sodĭum — Sodĭum, soviel wie Natrium …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Sodium — Sodium, s.v.w. Natrium (s.d.) …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Sodium — Sodĭum, s.v.w. Natrium …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • sodium — Symbol: Na Atomic number: 11 Atomic weight: 22.9898 Soft silvery reactive element belonging to group 1 of the periodic table (alkali metals). It is highly reactive, oxidizing in air and reacting violently with water, forcing it to be kept under… …   Elements of periodic system

  • sodium — ► NOUN ▪ a soft silver white reactive metallic chemical element of which common salt and soda are compounds. ORIGIN from SODA(Cf. ↑soda) …   English terms dictionary

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