Information

Information
Information In`for*ma"tion, n. [F., fr. L. informatio representation, conception. See {Inform}, v. t.] 1. The act of informing, or communicating knowledge or intelligence. [1913 Webster]

The active informations of the intellect. --South. [1913 Webster]

2. Any fact or set of facts, knowledge, news, or advice, whether communicated by others or obtained by personal study and investigation; any datum that reduces uncertainty about the state of any part of the world; intelligence; knowledge derived from reading, observation, or instruction. [1913 Webster +PJC]

Larger opportunities of information. --Rogers. [1913 Webster]

He should get some information in the subject he intends to handle. --Swift. [1913 Webster]

3. (Law) A proceeding in the nature of a prosecution for some offense against the government, instituted and prosecuted, really or nominally, by some authorized public officer on behalf of the government. It differs from an indictment in criminal cases chiefly in not being based on the finding of a grand jury. See {Indictment}. [1913 Webster]

4. (Information Theory) A measure of the number of possible choices of messages contained in a symbol, signal, transmitted message, or other information-bearing object; it is usually quantified as the negative logarithm of the number of allowed symbols that could be contained in the message; for logarithms to the base 2, the measure corresponds to the unit of information, the hartley, which is log210, or 3.323 bits; called also {information content}. The smallest unit of information that can be contained or transmitted is the bit, corresponding to a yes-or-no decision. [PJC]

5. (Computers) Useful facts, as contrasted with raw data; as, among all this data, there must be some interesting information. [PJC]


The Collaborative International Dictionary of English. 2000.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?
Synonyms:
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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Information — as a concept has a diversity of meanings, from everyday usage to technical settings. Generally speaking, the concept of information is closely related to notions of constraint, communication, control, data, form, instruction, knowledge, meaning,… …   Wikipedia

  • information — [ ɛ̃fɔrmasjɔ̃ ] n. f. • 1274; lat. informatio I ♦ Dr. Ensemble des actes qui tendent à établir la preuve d une infraction et à en découvrir les auteurs. ⇒ instruction (préparatoire). Ouvrir une information. Information contre X. Information… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • information — in‧for‧ma‧tion [ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʆn ǁ fər ] noun [uncountable] 1. facts or details that tell you about something or someone: • This is highly confidential information. • Corporations are making more financial information available to investors. ˈcredit… …   Financial and business terms

  • information — in·for·ma·tion n: an instrument containing a formal accusation of a crime that is issued by a prosecuting officer and that serves the same function as an indictment presented by a grand jury compare complaint 2, indictment ◇ About half the states …   Law dictionary

  • information — late 14c., act of informing, from O.Fr. informacion, enformacion information, advice, instruction, from L. informationem (nom. informatio) outline, concept, idea, noun of action from pp. stem of informare (see INFORM (Cf. inform)). Meaning… …   Etymology dictionary

  • Information — (lat.), Unterweisung, Auskunft …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Information — (lat.), Unterricht, Anweisung, Auskunft; Informātor, Lehrer, insbes. Hauslehrer; informieren, unterrichten, in Kenntnis setzen …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Information — Information, Erkundigung, richterl. Nachforschung; Rechtsgutachten; daher Informativproceß, Informativgutachten …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Information — Das „i“ ist international ein Symbol für Information Information (lat. informare „bilden“, „eine Form, Gestalt, Auskunft geben“) ist eine zeitliche Abfolge von Signalen, deren Sinn und Bedeutung der Empfänger, nach seinen Möglichkeiten und… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Information — L information est un concept ayant plusieurs sens. Il est étroitement lié aux notions de contrainte, communication, contrôle, donnée, formulaire, instruction, connaissance, signification, perception et représentation. L information désigne à la… …   Wikipédia en Français

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