Absorption spectrum

Absorption spectrum
Spectrum Spec"trum, n.; pl. {Spectra}. [L. See {Specter}.] 1. An apparition; a specter. [Obs.] [1913 Webster]

2. (Opt.) (a) The several colored and other rays of which light is composed, separated by the refraction of a prism or other means, and observed or studied either as spread out on a screen, by direct vision, by photography, or otherwise. See Illust. of {Light}, and {Spectroscope}. (b) A luminous appearance, or an image seen after the eye has been exposed to an intense light or a strongly illuminated object. When the object is colored, the image appears of the complementary color, as a green image seen after viewing a red wafer lying on white paper. Called also {ocular spectrum}. [1913 Webster]

{Absorption spectrum}, the spectrum of light which has passed through a medium capable of absorbing a portion of the rays. It is characterized by dark spaces, bands, or lines.

{Chemical spectrum}, a spectrum of rays considered solely with reference to their chemical effects, as in photography. These, in the usual photogrophic methods, have their maximum influence at and beyond the violet rays, but are not limited to this region.

{Chromatic spectrum}, the visible colored rays of the solar spectrum, exhibiting the seven principal colors in their order, and covering the central and larger portion of the space of the whole spectrum.

{Continous spectrum}, a spectrum not broken by bands or lines, but having the colors shaded into each other continously, as that from an incandescent solid or liquid, or a gas under high pressure.

{Diffraction spectrum}, a spectrum produced by diffraction, as by a grating.

{Gaseous spectrum}, the spectrum of an incandesoent gas or vapor, under moderate, or especially under very low, pressure. It is characterized by bright bands or lines.

{Normal spectrum}, a representation of a spectrum arranged upon conventional plan adopted as standard, especially a spectrum in which the colors are spaced proportionally to their wave lengths, as when formed by a diffraction grating.

{Ocular spectrum}. See {Spectrum}, 2 (b), above.

{Prismatic spectrum}, a spectrum produced by means of a prism.

{Solar spectrum}, the spectrum of solar light, especially as thrown upon a screen in a darkened room. It is characterized by numerous dark lines called Fraunhofer lines.

{Spectrum analysis}, chemical analysis effected by comparison of the different relative positions and qualities of the fixed lines of spectra produced by flames in which different substances are burned or evaporated, each substance having its own characteristic system of lines.

{Thermal spectrum}, a spectrum of rays considered solely with reference to their heating effect, especially of those rays which produce no luminous phenomena. [1913 Webster]


The Collaborative International Dictionary of English. 2000.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • absorption spectrum — n an electromagnetic spectrum in which a decrease in intensity of radiation at specific wavelengths or ranges of wavelengths characteristic of an absorbing substance (as chlorophyll) is manifested esp. as a pattern of dark lines or bands compare… …   Medical dictionary

  • absorption spectrum — n. a spectrum with a pattern of dark bands or lines created when light passes through a gas or liquid into a spectroscope: the chemical elements of the gas or liquid absorb specific wavelengths of light creating a unique pattern which can be used …   English World dictionary

  • Absorption spectrum — A material s absorption spectrum shows the fraction of incident electromagnetic radiation absorbed by the material over a range of frequencies. An absorption spectrum is, in a sense, the opposite of an emission spectrum.Every chemical element has …   Wikipedia

  • absorption spectrum — sugerties spektras statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. absorption spectrum; darkline spectrum vok. Absorptionsspektrum, n rus. спектр поглощения, m pranc. spectre d’absorption, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • absorption spectrum — absorbcijos spektras statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Per tiriamą medžiagą praėjusios spinduliuotės sugėrimo intensyvumo priklausomybė (ppr. grafinė) nuo bangos ilgio ar dažnio. atitikmenys: angl. absorption spectrum; darkline rus. спектр… …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • absorption spectrum — Spectrum of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (usually visible and UV light) absorbed by substance. Absorption is determined by existence of atoms that can be excited from their ground state to an excited state by absorption of energy… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • absorption spectrum — /əbˈsɔpʃən ˌspɛktrəm/ (say uhb sawpshuhn .spektruhm) noun the spectrum observed when light or other electromagnetic radiation is passed through an unexcited gas and examined with a spectroscope. See emission spectrum …  

  • absorption spectrum — noun the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation that has passed through a medium that absorbed radiation of certain wavelengths (Freq. 1) • Hypernyms: ↑spectrum …   Useful english dictionary

  • absorption spectrum — noun Date: 1869 an electromagnetic spectrum in which a decrease in intensity of radiation at specific wavelengths or ranges of wavelengths characteristic of an absorbing substance is manifested especially as a pattern of dark lines or bands …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • absorption spectrum — Physics. the spectrum formed by electromagnetic radiation that has passed through a medium in which radiation of certain frequencies is absorbed. [1875 80] * * * …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”