Aurum

Gold Gold (g[=o]ld), n. [AS. gold; akin to D. goud, OS. & G. gold, Icel. gull, Sw. & Dan. guld, Goth. gul[thorn], Russ. & OSlav. zlato; prob. akin to E. yellow. [root]49, 234. See {Yellow}, and cf. {Gild}, v. t.] [1913 Webster] 1. (Chem.) A metallic element of atomic number 79, constituting the most precious metal used as a common commercial medium of exchange. It has a characteristic yellow color, is one of the heaviest substances known (specific gravity 19.32), is soft, and very malleable and ductile. It is quite unalterable by heat (melting point 1064.4[deg] C), moisture, and most corrosive agents, and therefore well suited for its use in coin and jewelry. Symbol Au ({Aurum}). Atomic weight 196.97. [1913 Webster]

Note: Native gold contains usually eight to ten per cent of silver, but often much more. As the amount of silver increases, the color becomes whiter and the specific gravity lower. Gold is very widely disseminated, as in the sands of many rivers, but in very small quantity. It usually occurs in quartz veins (gold quartz), in slate and metamorphic rocks, or in sand and alluvial soil, resulting from the disintegration of such rocks. It also occurs associated with other metallic substances, as in auriferous pyrites, and is combined with tellurium in the minerals petzite, calaverite, sylvanite, etc. Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use, and is hardened by alloying with silver and copper, the latter giving a characteristic reddish tinge. [See {Carat}.] Gold also finds use in gold foil, in the pigment purple of Cassius, and in the chloride, which is used as a toning agent in photography. [1913 Webster]

2. Money; riches; wealth. [1913 Webster]

For me, the gold of France did not seduce. --Shak. [1913 Webster]

3. A yellow color, like that of the metal; as, a flower tipped with gold. [1913 Webster]

4. Figuratively, something precious or pure; as, hearts of gold. --Shak. [1913 Webster]

{Age of gold}. See {Golden age}, under {Golden}.

{Dutch gold}, {Fool's gold}, {Gold dust}, etc. See under {Dutch}, {Dust}, etc.

{Gold amalgam}, a mineral, found in Columbia and California, composed of gold and mercury.

{Gold beater}, one whose occupation is to beat gold into gold leaf.

{Gold beater's skin}, the prepared outside membrane of the large intestine of the ox, used for separating the leaves of metal during the process of gold-beating.

{Gold beetle} (Zo["o]l.), any small gold-colored beetle of the family {Chrysomelid[ae]}; -- called also {golden beetle}.

{Gold blocking}, printing with gold leaf, as upon a book cover, by means of an engraved block. --Knight.

{Gold cloth}. See {Cloth of gold}, under {Cloth}.

{Gold Coast}, a part of the coast of Guinea, in West Africa.

{Gold cradle}. (Mining) See {Cradle}, n., 7.

{Gold diggings}, the places, or region, where gold is found by digging in sand and gravel from which it is separated by washing.

{Gold end}, a fragment of broken gold or jewelry.

{Gold-end man}. (a) A buyer of old gold or jewelry. (b) A goldsmith's apprentice. (c) An itinerant jeweler. ``I know him not: he looks like a gold-end man.'' --B. Jonson.

{Gold fever}, a popular mania for gold hunting.

{Gold field}, a region in which are deposits of gold.

{Gold finder}. (a) One who finds gold. (b) One who empties privies. [Obs. & Low] --Swift.

{Gold flower}, a composite plant with dry and persistent yellow radiating involucral scales, the {Helichrysum St[oe]chas} of Southern Europe. There are many South African species of the same genus.

{Gold foil}, thin sheets of gold, as used by dentists and others. See {Gold leaf}.

{Gold knobs} or {Gold knoppes} (Bot.), buttercups.

{Gold lace}, a kind of lace, made of gold thread.

{Gold latten}, a thin plate of gold or gilded metal.

{Gold leaf}, gold beaten into a film of extreme thinness, and used for gilding, etc. It is much thinner than gold foil.

{Gold lode} (Mining), a gold vein.

{Gold mine}, a place where gold is obtained by mining operations, as distinguished from diggings, where it is extracted by washing. Cf. {Gold diggings} (above).

{Gold nugget}, a lump of gold as found in gold mining or digging; -- called also a {pepito}.

{Gold paint}. See {Gold shell}.

{Gold pheasant}, or {Golden pheasant}. (Zo["o]l.) See under {Pheasant}.

{Gold plate}, a general name for vessels, dishes, cups, spoons, etc., made of gold.

{Mosaic gold}. See under {Mosaic}. [1913 Webster]