cephamycins

cephamycins
Cephalosporin Ceph"a*lo*spor`in (s[e^]f"[.a]*l[-o]*sp[=o]r`[i^]n), n. [from Cephalosporium, a fungus producing the first of the series discovered.] (Chem.) any of a class of chemical substances, some of which have therapeutically useful antibacterial activity, whose structure contains a beta-lactam ring fused to a six-membered ring containing a sulfur and a nitrogen atom. The first of the series, {cephalosporin C}, was discovered by G. Brotzu in 1955 in the culture broth of a {Cephalosporium} species found off the coast of Sardinia. Other cephalosporins have been found to be produced by species of soil bacteria (actinomycetes). Many semisynthetic analogs have been tested for antibacterial effect, and several of them have found use as important clinically useful antibacterial agents, some of which may be taken orally for treatment of bacterial infections. The cephalosporins are the second class of beta-lactam antibiotic to be discovered, the first being the {penicillins} and more recent classes being the {thienamycins} and {sulfazecins}. The {cephamycins} are a variant of cephalosporins with a methoxyl group on the beta-lactam ring, rendering them more resistant to penicillinases. Among the cephalosporins which have been found clinically useful are {cephalexin}, {cephaloridine}, and {cephalothin}. [PJC]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English. 2000.

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  • cephamycins — A family of β lactam antibiotics (similar to penicillin and cephalosporins) produced by various Streptomyces species …   Medical dictionary

  • Beta-lactamase — Beta lactamases are enzymes (EC number|3.5.2.6) produced by some bacteria and are responsible for their resistance to beta lactam antibiotics like penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, ertapenems and carbapenems. These antibiotics have a… …   Wikipedia

  • Cephamycin — Cefoxitin Cefotetan …   Wikipedia

  • Cephalosporin — See also: Discovery and development of cephalosporins Core structure of the cephalosporins …   Wikipedia

  • cephalexin — Cephalosporin Ceph a*lo*spor in (s[e^]f [.a]*l[ o]*sp[=o]r [i^]n), n. [from Cephalosporium, a fungus producing the first of the series discovered.] (Chem.) any of a class of chemical substances, some of which have therapeutically useful… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • cephaloridine — Cephalosporin Ceph a*lo*spor in (s[e^]f [.a]*l[ o]*sp[=o]r [i^]n), n. [from Cephalosporium, a fungus producing the first of the series discovered.] (Chem.) any of a class of chemical substances, some of which have therapeutically useful… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Cephalosporin — Ceph a*lo*spor in (s[e^]f [.a]*l[ o]*sp[=o]r [i^]n), n. [from Cephalosporium, a fungus producing the first of the series discovered.] (Chem.) any of a class of chemical substances, some of which have therapeutically useful antibacterial activity …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • cephalosporin C — Cephalosporin Ceph a*lo*spor in (s[e^]f [.a]*l[ o]*sp[=o]r [i^]n), n. [from Cephalosporium, a fungus producing the first of the series discovered.] (Chem.) any of a class of chemical substances, some of which have therapeutically useful… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • cephalothin — Cephalosporin Ceph a*lo*spor in (s[e^]f [.a]*l[ o]*sp[=o]r [i^]n), n. [from Cephalosporium, a fungus producing the first of the series discovered.] (Chem.) any of a class of chemical substances, some of which have therapeutically useful… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Beta-lactam antibiotic — β lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics that include penicillin derivatives, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems, and β lactamase inhibitors, that is, any antibiotic agent that contains a β lactam nucleus in its molecular… …   Wikipedia

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